Well, two cores are better than one, even if they are weak.

Atom 280 is actually about the same as one of those old Athlon XP 2000+, but I think only if both cores are counted.
I didn't add any file to share after wiping .aMule, but I always wait until there're 0 tasks remaining before I check CPU usage.
I compiled aMule myself, optimization is enabled. wxWidgets is installed by fedora.
After I reduced download to 8 from 20, aMule UI is at least responding, but still constantly occupying 100% of a single core. If like you said the number of downloads shouldn't have load then I am not sure what's going on. I am getting an intel NIC to see if that helps.
Is there anyway to enable some logs to see what aMule is up to?